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2) Mrs. Domingo developed a lesson on the concept of fraction this way: First, she presented one pizza, and then asked a pupil to cut it into two. She called one part of the pizza 1/2 and the two parts of 2/2. Then she wrote 1/2 and 2/2 on the board. She proceeded to ask another pupil to divide the half parts of the cake into two again, and then wrote 1/2, 2/4 and 3/4. Then she used the model of fractions (wooden circles) divided into 2, 3 and 4 to show 1/2, 1/4, 1/3, 2/4. Then she went back to the fractions she wrote on the board. She asked her pupils for the meaning of 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 2/4.
Does the development of the lesson on fractions conform to the bottom-up arrangement of the learning experiences in Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience?
a) Cannot be determined
b) No
c) Yes
d) Up to the second phase of the lesson only
ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience suggests that learning experiences should start from concrete to abstract. In this lesson, Mrs. Domingo began with a concrete experience (cutting a pizza) and gradually moved towards more abstract representations (writing fractions on the board). This approach conforms to the bottom-up arrangement of the learning experiences as suggested by Dale. Therefore, the correct answer is "Yes."6) I like to develop the synthesizing skills of my students. Which one should I do?
a) Ask my students to formulate a generalization from the data shown in the graphs.
b) Direct my students to point out which part of the graph is right and which part is wrong.
c) Ask my students to answer the questions beginning with “What if …..”
d) Tell my students to state data presented in the graph.
ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Asking students to answer "What if" questions encourages them to synthesize information and explore different possibilities, which is a key aspect of developing synthesizing skills.8) A sentence that comes before is missing. How is understanding of a concept shown by learners?
a) by repeating what has been heard
b) by memorizing what has been read
c) both a and b
d) by using and adopting these concepts
ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: Understanding is shown by using and adopting concepts, demonstrating comprehension and application. Repeating and memorizing show retention but not necessarily understanding.9) When teachers encourage active class participation through individual and group activities, which of the following needs could be addressed?
a) The need to be accepted, important, and appreciated
b) The need to be popular within the group
c) The need to be close to the teacher
d) The need to be happy and satisfied at the expense of others
ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: Active participation fosters a sense of belonging and appreciation, addressing students' need to feel accepted and valued.12) If the teacher's pattern in questioning consists of calling on a student then asking the question:
a) All students may be encouraged to participate
b) The rest of the class may not engage themselves in thinking of the answer
c) The rest of the class may just dictate the answer
d) The student called to answer may be able to think well of his answer
ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: When a teacher calls on a student before asking a question, the rest of the class may disengage and not think about the answer, as they know they won't be called upon. This can reduce overall participation and engagement. Therefore, the correct answer is "The rest of the class may not engage themselves in thinking of the answer."
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